Archive for the ‘Travel’ Category

California’s Forgotten National Park

Thursday, July 29th, 2010

Quick, name California’s most-visited national parks.

Let’s see, there’s Yosemite. Sequoia. Kings Canyon. Wait, aren’t those two the same park? No?

Death Valley. And Joshua Tree, isn’t that a new one?

Hey, there’s also Channel Islands. Redwood, isn’t that along the coast?

And Lassen. Say, where’s that?

Heart Lake reflection, Lassen National Forest

Heart Lake, Lassen National Forest

Lassen Volcanic National Park is about five hours mostly north of San Francisco if you drive at the limit. For most Californians, it’s in that part of the state that’s ‘up there somewhere’.

According to the National Park Service, 365,639 people visited Lassen Volcanic in 2009. Yosemite got 3,737,472 visitors, over ten times as many.

Yes, Yosemite has arguably the best glacially-carved scenery anywhere, some of the best backcountry hiking, and great winter recreation on cross-country skis or snowshoes. Everybody knows about it.

And that’s the problem.

Lassen Volcanic National Park was created in 1916 following the eruption of Lassen Peak. The peak had been part of Lassen Peak National Monument, but the 1915 eruption focused the country’s attention on this volcanically-active area in the southern Cascade Mountains.

Today, most of the park is designated wilderness. That means no developed facilities, few trails, and signs and bridges only where necessary. It also means solitude for backpackers on the Pacific Crest Trail and other park trails.

Warner Valley is a hidden gem within Lassen. By driving a few miles of dirt road north of Chester, California, you get sparkling green meadows, lushly-carpeted mountains, hot springs, steaming rocks, boiling lakes, and enough sulphurous odor to make Dante happy just a short hike away. The National Park Service campground offers Douglas fir views through the top of your tent and sounds of a gently-flowing creek to lull you to sleep. There are also bear boxes for your food and toothpaste, very clean pit toilets, and friendly backcountry rangers like Chris Cruz who can suggest hikes to enjoyable destinations. You may also see Western Tanagers and other colorful wildlife.

Drakesbad Meadow in Warner Valley, Lassen Volcanic National Park

Drakesbad Meadow in Warner Valley

I like quiet mountain scenery away from crowds and looking at thermal features, so my wife Pat and I hiked to Boiling Springs Lake and Devils Kitchen. We also walked up Flatiron Ridge on Warner’s north side for views of peaks and lakes in Lassen’s southern backcountry.

Steaming vent in Devil's Kitchen, Lassen Volcanic National Park

Devil’s Kitchen, Lassen Volcanic National Park

We wanted to walk to Bumpass Hell, the park’s signature geothermal area. But a trail blocked by shoulder-deep snow stopped us. We’d heard that the Lassen Peak Trail was closed for ongoing reconstruction. But we lucked out - the Lassen Park Foundation offered a Reach the Peak fundraiser at the trailhead parking lot the Saturday we wanted to hike, so the trail was open to the top.

Hiking above 10,000 feet is never easy even if you’re in shape. The panoramic mountain views and closeups of a recently-active volcano were worth the sweat and pleasantly-sore muscles. Hikers at the summit included a 76-year-old grandmother who showed all of us how it was done.

Southwest view from the Lassen Peak Trail, Lassen Volcanic National Park

Southwest view from the Lassen Peak Trail

For our last day, we retrieved our dog from Almanor Animal Boarding and hiked the Heart Lake National Recreation Trail in Lassen National Forest, where dogs are allowed. Be prepared to get your feet wet in Digger Creek  just before you burst out to views of Brokeoff Mountain reflected in this pretty lake.

Brokeoff Mountain reflected in Heart Lake, Lassen National Forest

Brokeoff Mountain and Heart Lake, Lassen National Forest

The only problem with hiking Lassen’s mountains is that they, like the Sierras, will probably spoil you.  Local hikes start to look awfully tame by comparison.

See all the pictures here.

Shot Notes -
The best camera is always the one you have with you. Since we carried enough water to avoid purifying any from creeks, and I wore a 24-hour pack of emergency supplies, I wanted to minimize the weight of camera gear. I used a lightweight Leica M8 and four lenses, shooting mostly with a Zeiss 25mm f/2.8 and Leica 35mm f/2 Summicron-ASPH. Exposure was usually what the camera recommended. Compelling pictures of scenery require either a visually-stunning subject or a human presence. You want viewers to imagine themselves in the picture.

Some Beef In The iHype

Thursday, January 28th, 2010

Apple’s products have been poster children for elegant design for many years. The iPad has several things an ebook reader, web surfer, and video appliance need, but some glaring omissions crash it.

Its 1024 X 768 screen isn’t natively compatible with 720p HD at 1280 X 720. For a device that’s touted as a deluxe video/movie/TV program player, that’s a huge oversight. Yes, you can play H.264 video encoded at 720p, but it won’t be full 720p resolution on Apple’s screen.

The lack of Flash support is also pretty bizarre for a web-surfing device like iPad.

There’s no word on compatibility with Kindle books or book files from Barnes & Noble, but I’m betting the iPad will only support downloads from the iBook store. However, I’m sure there’ll be a hack for Amazon and Barnes & Noble book files before too long.

There’s only indirect mention of networking compatibility with OS X and Windows computers, but this is a must for any machine with limited mass storage like the iPad.

Still, the UI looks very good - flipping pages with your fingers like a real book is cool. I guess haptic feedback on the touch screen was too expensive, and I agree an SD card port and user-replaceable battery would have been nice.

With handwriting recognition and audio recording, the iPad would become a must for any college student taking notes. I’m surprised a company like Apple with a historic presence in the education market didn’t see this and add those features.

As a lightweight laptop replacement for a photographer in the field, it may be a winner. If the software supports it, you could use an external card reader to upload image files to the iPad for later transfer to your PC. If there were a version of Lightroom for it, you could sort and edit pictures on it too.

You’ll at least be able to transfer pictures directly from your camera with Apple’s add-on camera kit.

It looks like this product announcement was an attempt to preemptively capture the market, though that’ll be tough for a device that won’t be available for 8 weeks.

The Only Time For Yosemite

Monday, January 4th, 2010

Yosemite National Park is most people’s vacation of a lifetime. All the superlatives apply to the favorite park of John Muir and Ansel Adams - vertical granite, snowy peaks, endless evergreen forests, quiet winding rivers. Most of those visitors will see it in the summer high season, when Yosemite Valley looks like an anthill somebody just kicked over.

Yosemite Valley south wall, December

 

There’s a much better time to enjoy everybody’s favorite park. In winter, most of the tourists are gone. You can actually contemplate the best vistas on foot, or get out and see the ones no one ever sees from cross-country skis or snowshoes.

 XC Skiing near the Glacier Point Road

 

If you’re short on time during one of your days, try skating beneath the Valley’s walls at the Camp Curry ice rink. Even between Christmas and New Years, crowds shrink to manageable proportions.

 Skating at Camp Curry ice rink, Yosemite

 

Everyone photographs the same iconic views in Yosemite. I always challenge myself to capture something different, especially since I’ve been there so much over the years.

The hand of man disappears under winter snow and fog, the cars drive away, and you begin to see Yosemite as the Ahwahneechee Indians saw it 200 years ago.

  Wawona Tunnel View - full-moon foggy December 

See all the pictures here.

Shot Notes -
Yosemite gets dark in winter, so you’ll be using long shutter speeds - bring a tripod. I could also have used my tilt-shift lens for undistorted pictures of granite walls. The tripod was a must for the moonlight shots from the Wawona Tunnel View. A late-model dSLR like the EOS 5D mark II gives you high ISOs without too much digital noise. You may also want a prime, non-zoom lens for shots into bright light sources like the full moon. With fewer glass elements, primes are much less likely to flare than zoom lenses.

What You Should Never Do Before Takeoff

Monday, December 7th, 2009

We got up at 0-dark thirty for an early flight from San Jose, California to Albuquerque. After the usual wait-in-your-socks routine at the gate, we found our seats.


Silicon Valley Takeoff

At this point, there are a few options. You can try to sleep in your seat, strike up a conversation with your fellow passengers if they’re awake, pull out your novel and start reading, or pull out your cell phone and tell the sales rep at the other end that your plane’s going to be late.

I can’t sleep on airplanes, so I usually pull out a camera and look for slices of airport life. There are a few things I watch for:

1. Baggage handlers loading planes, hot-rodding baggage carts or talking to each other
2. Other airplanes taking off or landing (this gets exciting if they’re really close)
3. Strong lines and shapes from aircraft tails, airport towers and terminals
4. Young passengers peeking around the seat ahead of me while they wait
5. Unusual light or shadows
6. A clean window to shoot through (scrubbed with my sleeve if necessary)

I try to reserve seats away from the wing on the side that’ll be away from the sun during the trip. This minimizes glare and gives me a clear view out the window I’m shooting through.

 
San Jose Airport foggy morning

This time, fog blanketed my view and gave a dreamy quality to the (unavoidable) wing, lights, and other planes. I put on a normal lens (45 degree angle of view, the middle of most small cameras’ zoom range) and started shooting.

The best aerial photo ops come near takeoff or landing, when the plane is closer to the ground. I prefer late fall or winter sunrises for their long-lasting light and color. I got stuck with the wing, so I used it to frame my pictures and reflect the sunrise. The fog dimmed the sky for a better exposure match to mountains and suburban sprawl on the ground.

The pre-takeoff picture didn’t have as much color as I usually like, so I rendered it in black and white. After takeoff, the orange sky painted wing and ground textures to make them worth looking at.

So what should you never do before takeoff?

Never worry about flying.

You carried on your laptop and cameras (you did, right?), so all the expensive stuff won’t go to Missoula or Syracuse with the rest of the lost baggage. You got on the plane with your business associates, wife or friends, so you’ll all arrive at the same time. Most pilots flying routes between major hubs get paid well enough to do a safe job.

So relax and enjoy it. If something happens there’s not too much you can do anyway, except keep shooting all the way down.

See the rest of the pictures here.

Shot Notes -
For travel, I pack the camera equipment in a Think Tank Airport Security v2.0 rollie bag. It fits in all U.S. domestic carriers’ overhead bins, and saves my back from a 40+ pound load. On planes, I shoot with a Leica M8 and 35mm f/2 or 50mm f/1.4 lens. The Leica is smaller than my EOS SLRs, so I’m not crowded by equipment in Economy Class seats. A cheaper alternative would be something like my wife’s Canon G10.

With dense fog, you’ll be enhancing contrast in post with Lightroom or Photoshop. In Lightroom, play with the Shadows, Darks, Lights, and Highlights sliders. Sliding Shadows and Darks negative usually improves a flat picture. Adding Clarity may also tease out more detail.

Foreign Travel In Arizona

Saturday, November 28th, 2009

 Hubbell Trading Post, Ganado

So what do you do after Canyon de Chelly?

Our next stop was Albuquerque, and that pretty well dictated our route from Chinle - U.S. 191 south to Arizona/New Mexico Highway 264, then a short dogleg south on U.S. 491, through the heart of the Navajo Nation.

There aren’t many paved roads here - in fact, there doesn’t seem to be much of anything. But whites and Navajos connected throughout this territory in the 19th century. One of the most beneficial connections came from John Lorenzo Hubbell.

Hubbell bought the trading post that bears his name in 1878. The Pueblo Colorado Wash brought water to the site, making it an important gathering place in the town of Ganado. Hubbell was a natural at business, expanding his stock beyond tobacco, tools and food into wool, sheep and other livestock, rugs, jewelry, baskets, and pottery. He had a major influence on Navajo weaving styles, especially the Ganado-style rug’s diamond pattern on deep red.

Hubbell advised his trading partners on what goods fetched the best price, and suggested they produce things suited to their talent and inclination. His mutually-beneficial trading philosophy made him quite successful for many years. He died in 1930, but the trading post stayed in the family until 1967, when Dorothy Hubbell sold it to the National Park Service.

Hubbell Trading Post still operates today, though a Park Service superintendent once groused that he felt like he was running a grocery store. But there’s much more than food, in keeping with the post’s trading business. You can see wagon harnesses, riding tack, bolo ties in fine silver and turquoise, Hopi Kachinas, and Pueblo pots along with the portraits of presidents who stayed in Hubbell’s guest house.

Window Rock Memorial

 

Window Rock is further east, near the Arizona-New Mexico border. The capital of the Navajo Nation gets its name from the distinctive hole in a sandstone fin near the site of the capitol buildings. The site has a monument to Navajo code talkers who played a vital role in covert radio communication during World War II. There’s also a memorial to all the warriors who made the ultimate sacrifice in armed conflicts.

A fountain trickles water from sandstone masonry to a reflecting pool, a beautiful place to think about issues in your own life and what sacrifice means to you.

It was a peaceful ‘time out’ from an active vacation.

Rustic Elegance In Southern Colorado

Tuesday, November 24th, 2009

I was riding shotgun with an eye for rural scenery when the gently rolling fields and Rocky Mountain backdrop told me ‘full stop’. “I really like that ranch house and the wheel line sprinklers. Pull over right… there.”

 
Paxton Ranch outside Durango, Colorado

People have farmed and ranched in southern Colorado for hundreds of years. This scatters irrigation ditches, stone granaries, barns, and wheel sprinklers across yellowed pastures. Add a mountain backdrop and you have incredible photography.

I try to work under the radar, but I can be a photographic spectacle, especially in these days of tiny digital point-and-shoots. I’m usually the only guy with one or two pro cameras and two or three lenses. Sometimes this can help.

I took the shot I’d seen from the highway and was looking for different compositions when a pickup from the ranch next door drove down a long driveway. The driver started talking to my wife about what we were doing there. When he discovered we were photographing his neighbor’s ranch, his reaction was, “Why not shoot mine instead? Come on down!”

And that’s how I captured close-ups of frame buildings and machinery on the Paxton Ranch. Dan Paxton talked with my wife Pat while I photographed in great autumn afternoon light, and appreciated rural friendliness I was unused to in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The town of Durango was a regional processing and transportation hub for gold and silver ore in the late 1800s and early twentieth century. The Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Company planned and laid out the town in 1879 as a depot for ore smelting. The town got its own grand hotel in 1887, the Strater. This elegant Victorian lodging is still open and comfortable today.

 
Strater Hotel room interior

We stayed at the Strater when we got to Durango. The tourist Durango and Silverton steam railroad runs just west of it. When the train whistle blows before departure, you can almost imagine yourself in another century.

Even if you don’t stay at the Strater, have a meal at the hotel’s Mahogany Restaurant. Everything is tastefully spiced, and the dessert choices will almost make you wish you’d skipped dinner.

See all the pictures here.

Mesa Verde - Keep Out?

Friday, November 20th, 2009

I knew what to expect at Mesa Verde. This was the first major ruin site rediscovered in the U.S. Southwest, and it’s been a national park since 1906. It’s been heavily visited over the years, and that resulted in the present policy that closes most ruins in winter and allows ranger-led tours to a few sites only in the warmer months.

 
Cliff Palace, Mesa Verde National Park

To be fair, self-guiding tours are allowed at the Spruce Tree House site in summer. Even there, a ranger is always on duty.

Talk to any interpretive ranger about these policies, and he’ll tell you it’s to keep the resource from being loved to death.

Mesa Verde contains some of the cleanest Anasazi (Hisatsinom) ruins that are accessible to the public. It’s easy to forget that this pristine appearance isn’t the look they had when Richard Wetherill first saw them. Even though they look a bit like a Disneyland exhibit today, they’re still impressive.

I could see how Wetherill and his brother-in-law Charlie Mason could forget all about chasing stray cattle when they saw Cliff Palace in 1888. In photographs from the early 20th century, the place looks like its inhabitants might come back tomorrow.

If you’re lucky, your ranger will ask you why the Hisatsinom who farmed the mesa tops decided to move to sheltered cliff dwellings in the late 1100s. Ranger Peter Newcomb took the question approach, suggesting competition for scarce resources and the need for protection as two possible answers. He was passionate about the ruins and their former inhabitants. That made him an excellent guide.

 
Cliff Palace

No one has an answer for Mesa Verde’s connection to the Chaco Phenomenon. It may have been an outlier which sent pilgrims to Chaco, or it may have been completely independent.

The Hopi are the most likely direct descendants of the Mesa Verde Hisatsinom. It’s pretty well agreed that modern Pueblo peoples came from the Anasazi, Hohokam and Mogollon of the ancient Southwest.

See all the pictures here.

Shot Notes -
Bring your flash. You’ll want to highlight foreground features, or add a flick of light to ruin walls or cliff overhangs. You may also want to light up kiva interiors. A tilt-shift lens will straighten leaning horizontals or verticals, but careful use of a non-TS-E lens will eliminate most objectionable converging lines.

Archeological Notes
Mesa Verde was inhabited for over 700 years. You can see everything from Basketmaker I pit house structures built around 550 to 200-room pueblos in blocky McElmo-style masonry abandoned around 1300.

Most pit house sites show signs of burning. Their low, wood-framed roofs were too close to heating and cooking fires, and accidents must have been frequent. It’s little wonder the Hisatsinom graduated to kivas and stone masonry.

Other pit house communities are less sanitized than those at Mesa Verde. Chaco Canyon has two of the largest. 423/Penasco Blanco has over 100 structures from the Basketmaker I era, and Shabik’eschee has 70. I hiked to the Penasco Blanco Great House a few days later, but ran out of time to look for the 423 pit house ruins.

Pueblo communities on the Colorado Plateau were abandoned by 1300. Tree ring dating and other techniques show that most sites were occupied for 30 years or less. The Hisatsinom weren’t attached to their houses if the land wouldn’t produce, or the water dried up in drought. They moved on. Some say the environment was a reminder from the gods to wander.

Rock Art And Archeoastronomy At Chaco Canyon

Thursday, November 19th, 2009

Chaco. To students of U.S. Archeology, that word means 4-story stone buildings before the Spaniards came to America, Great Kivas that witnessed ceremonies we can only guess at, and stone-edged roadways extending in all directions - all this from a people without the wheel, horses, or power tools from Home Depot.

 
Pueblo Del Arroyo

There are a dozen Great Houses in ‘Downtown Chaco’, at the center of all the prehistoric roads. Many of them have orientations and features aligning to lunar standstill positions every 18 years or so. Others show markers for sunrise at solstices and equinoxes.

From these clues, we figure the Anasazi must have been ardent skywatchers. Originally, this likely came from the need to time maize, bean and squash planting. Later, it probably evolved into religious ceremonies like the dance of Shalako at Zuni.

Some scholars think the starburst pictograph near the Penasco Blanco Great House marks the 1054 Crab Nebula supernova explosion. The concentric red circles below it may be a record of Halley’s Comet’s 1066 appearance. Still others think these ‘glyphs have no astronomical significance at all, and are just clan markings.

No matter what their meaning was, I had always wanted to see them. I got my chance before my October wedding in New Mexico.

The trail to Kin Kletso and west Chaco starts at mid-canyon. I’d always stopped at Kin Kletso on earlier trips, usually to scramble up to North Mesa and Pueblo Alto. This time, my wife Pat and I continued on past Kin Kletso. We were pleasantly surprised by Casa Chiquita, a small great house probably built between 1100-1150. Its late construction shows in its compact, squarish plan, lack of a Great Kiva, and blocky McElmo-style masonry.

Beyond it on the north mesa walls were several petroglyph panels packed with drawings. Their tight spacing and symbolic style reminded me of Newspaper Rock outside Utah’s Canyonlands National Park.

 
Pictographs, Petroglyph Trail, Chaco Culture National Historical Park

The view of Penasco Blanco on South Mesa kept enticing us down the trail. After a couple hours, we reached the base of the mesa and the nova pictograph I’d come to see.

We were used to the sketchy scramble up North Mesa, so climbing South Mesa seemed like a picnic. Penasco Blanco sits alone up there, the furthest west of all the Chaco Great Houses. Many walls are in good shape, but you’d need archeological training to make out the complete plan.

I finally lost a loose rubber foot on my Gitzo tripod in the ruin. I went back around the site to look for it after I discovered it was gone, but no luck. The Antiquities Act of 1906 made it a Federal crime to remove artifacts from a site, but it says nothing about leaving new ones.

I’ve never camped at Chaco, driving the dirt road out instead at the end of the day. I usually stop to photograph an ‘Oh, wow!’ view in my rearview mirror. This trip gave me another sunset photo op.

See all the pictures here.

Shot Notes
Bring the tripod. You may be able to handhold all your pictures, but composing on a tripod forces you to slow down and think about where everything is in your shot. I call it shot design.

Bring the flash too, and remember the CTO gels to warm it up. Take it off the camera and aim it where you want the light. Canon’s ST-E2 or Nikon’s SU-600 let you work without wires.

Bring your telephoto zoom/long prime. Some ‘glyphs are a bit distant, and you can use 200mm to pull ‘em in.

Finally, bring your wide zoom. You’ll find a full-frame 16mm quite useful in the ruins, probably more so than a wide tilt-shift lens.

Archeological Notes
From tree ring dating, Penasco Blanco was one of the four original Great Houses first constructed in the 900s. It featured the ‘D’ plan of early to middle Bonito-phase sites. Later sites like Kin Kletso and Casa Chiquita show a rectangular plan with enclosed kivas and a more fortress-like appearance.

The Observatory At Chimney Rock

Friday, November 13th, 2009

We’ve forgotten things our ancestors depended on for survival. We ignore events in the skies, watching TV or computer screens in our homes instead, and get our food from the grocery store.

Chimney Rock and Companion Rock, Colorado

Chimney Rock

The Ancestral Puebloans had no TV and no computers. They filled their time with producing food and shelter instead. They probably first tracked sunrise cycles to time their planting of maize, squash and beans, and they may have developed ceremonies to bless the celestial signs of the coming season. They must have noticed changes in the moon’s monthly positions over 18.6 year cycles along with sunrise movement at different seasons.

Bronze Age masons built Stonehenge partly to mark the moon’s path at lunar standstills. North America’s Ancestral Puebloans used Chimney Rock. Looking east, by 1057 they had noticed the full moon rising at lunar standstill between Chimney Rock and Companion Rock. Tree-ring dating tells us they completed a pueblo between the two in time to watch it again in December 1076. A second set of tree-ring dates from remodeling in the site’s East Kiva comes from 1093, the year of the next lunar standstill.

Solstice sunrises weren’t visible from the pueblo. They probably watched them from a separate site marked with a basin carved in the stone at the western end of Chimney Rock mesa.

Ancestral Puebloans also built at 12 separate sites on Peterson Ridge to the west, presumably to watch sunrises between the Rocks through the year. The largest site is within 0.4 degrees of an east-west line passing through the center of the gap between the Rocks. This would make that site a perfect observation point for equinox sunrises in March and September.

When my wife Pat and I hiked at Chimney Rock, the pueblo at the summit was closed to visitation. But the fall colors and beautiful day were a great consolation prize. We discovered a recovering forest northeast of the mesa. Everything must have burned within the last five years or so, except the taller conifers. There were small oaks and other shrubs just starting to grow.

See more pictures here.

Narrow-Gauge Steam From Colorado

Wednesday, November 11th, 2009

Everyone talks about ‘the foliage’ in New England every fall, but you don’t have to go that far. Aspens and cottonwoods in the West turn mountainsides and fields bright yellow every autumn.

 Cumbres & Toltec Scenic Railroad locomotive 487

One of the best ways to see those fall colors is on a steam train ride.

The Cumbres & Toltec Scenic Railroad gives you a few options. You can take the train to Antonito, Colorado and take the bus back to Chama, or start with the bus ride. We opted to start our train ride from Antonito.

The bus leaves promptly at 8:30AM, and they want you there no later than 8:15. We arrived at 8 for pictures, just as the 488 locomotive was taking on coal for the run to Colorado.

A group by the station talked about where each guy was from, their travel plans, and how much their kids will like this. Everyone had a jacket against the fall chill, and headgear ran from ballcaps to cowboy hats.

Conversation became impossible when the engineer signaled everybody that the outbound train was ready to go:

“Wooooott, woooooooooooott!!”

 
Cumbres & Toltec Scenic Railroad locomotive 487

We got on the bus and promptly fell asleep, like many of our fellow passengers. About an hour and a half later, we got to our train in Antonito.

We had tickets for an enclosed car. But the best way to see the sights is from the open observation car, so that’s where we spent most of the trip.

We had some celebrities along. Our morning docent/guide was John McCain’s double, and the afternoon docent was Gene Hackman. We also saw Ted Kennedy and Susan Sarandon among the passengers.

Autumn leaves had already fallen off some of the trees, but there were isolated stands of bright yellow splashing the hillsides.

We passed by monuments to fallen presidents, through tunnels, and around tight curves that moved us across state lines about six times. We also discovered a new way to turn all that gray hair black again. (Hint - ride the observation car without a hat.)

The fare included a lunch stop at Osier, complete with some of the best home-baked chocolate desserts I’ve ever tasted. The only way to get in and out of Osier is the train, so cooks make everything there from scratch.

 Cumbres & Toltec 488 turning

Capturing pictures of the train as it turned on the track ahead was the main task for many passengers. In between photographs, I talked to a retired power engineer turned real estate investor, a couple with mountain bike-racing sons, and docent ‘John McCain’, who seemed to know everything about avalanches (one took out a train in the late 1800s, but no one was killed), maximum train speeds (21MPH), and the geology on our route.

When we rounded the final turn to Chama station, I was a little sad that it was over. Steam trains are a relaxed way to really see the country.

See all the pictures here.

The Cumbres & Toltec runs steam trains between mid-May and mid-October. See schedules and other information here.